A Simple Proposal Essay -- essays research papers

A SIMPLE PROPOSAL   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Major League Baseball has probably some of the most exciting players in sports today. Players such as Ken Griffey Jr., Alex Rodriguez, Derek Jeter make watching baseball fun. But there are some people in Major League Baseball that I have forgotten who display probably more talent than those 3 combined. The people that I am talking about, are the umpires.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You might be shocked when I say that but believe me, they are great athletes. Can you imagine working in the same conditions they do? To do this, you would need to be able to stand up to managers kicking dirt at you as well as dealing with players arguing at you for calls you have made that should have no controversy over. Working an entire season does wear d...

Nutrition Information on Food Labels †a Waste of Time and Money?

NUTRITION INFORMATION ON FOOD LABELS – A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY? Nutrition information on food labels is very useful and helpful for consumers; it is not a waste of time. In this essay I will write about the history of food labelling and later I will concentrate on consumers who should read food labels and those consumers who read the food labels. After that, I will focus on the importance and the advantages that information on food labels have. In the last part, I will write about problems that customers have when reading instructions on food labels. Food labels came legally to life in 1906. Everything started in the USA because the Food and Drug Act said that â€Å"food labelling is needed to protect consumers from economic harm to reducing consumer’s risk of chronic disease†. In 1993, the Nutrition Labelling and Education Act (NLEA) required mandatory food labelling on most products excluding coffee, spices, raw foods and take away foods. Regulations apply mostly to processed and packaged foods and require specific information on food labels like: name of the food, list of nutrients (fat, sodium, total carbohydrates, dietary fibre, proteins, vitamins A and C, some minerals, calories and Kilo calories), the name and address of the manufacturer, the place of origin, serving sizes, expiry date, nutrient content claims, health claims and information about Recommended Daily Intake (RDA) of nutrients while consuming 2000 calories. In the European Union, legislation on food labelling wants to protect, inform and help society to make knowledgeable choices. Every manufacturer should provide the required information to ensure that consumers will be satisfied when buying their products. Food labelling regulations help the consumer to buy safer food. People are more confident when choosing products if they know what a particular product consists of. Nowadays most of the nutritional labels are very advanced and show detailed information about each nutrient and ingredient. Consumers read the labels mostly to improve their intake in good nutrients (proteins, fibre, good fat, vitamins and minerals) and minimize intake of unhealthy nutrients (saturated fat, sodium, cholesterol) that a particular product contains. Those who experience cardiovascular problems, are overweight and obese or have type 2 Diabetes should read nutrition labels very carefully to avoid high intake of nutrients which are significant risk in causing or worsening the illness. Consumers who are allergic to certain foods use nutrition labels to find information about the ingredients that they must not to eat. The most common allergic foods are: milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat and soybeans. Some of the above foods may cause instant death or digestive problems like celiac disease or lactose intolerance. Also, the elderly people should read the labels to meet their dietary requirements, which differ from other age groups. Pregnant women should control their Vitamin A intake derived from animal organs and increase their intake in folic acid. Vegetarian and vegan groups will find nutritional labels very useful particularly about the proteins and ingredients derived from animals. Another group of consumer reads information on food labels for personal reasons, for instance to exclude genetically modified foods or religious reasons. Research findings in different countries show that significant amounts of consumers use nutrition information on food labels. Surveys done in the United Kingdom have shown that 58% of those interviewed use nutrition labels. Those people recognize their diet as an important part in their lives. 17% use the labels for nutritional advice. Another study in America has shown that society is interested in nutrition food labels and use them while shopping or at home. The research showed that people with more than high school education are more likely to read the labels. In Canada consumers with small financial income, the elderly and less educated were less likely to use and understand nutrition labels. In Australia and New Zealand, 34% of consumers read the nutrition food labels. Significant groups of parents with young children usually use food labels to check the information about fat and sugar intake. Another advantage of nutrition information on food labels is that consumers look at the labels when buying unknown food products (for example from different parts of the world). It allows people to try exotic and extraordinary cuisines. Nutrition labels are guides to healthy eating and improving diet in beneficial nutrients. They help to avoid bad nutrients and remove bad products from our diets. For instance, manufacturers must inform on food labels that the product contains hydrogenated fat which is more harmful than animal fat. Nutrition food labels draw our attention to healthiness. In America, surveys demonstrated that consumers compare food products to purchase the ones with lower fat and sodium amounts. Information on food labels positively influences consumers that would like to prevent cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Those consumers choose low fat and low sugar products. There has been found a connection between reading the labels and losing weight. In other words, people are more aware of what they eat and make their decisions consciously. Scientists from two American Universities estimated that â€Å"the total monetary benefit of decrease in body weight was $63 to $ 166 billion over a 20-year period of the costs of the NLEA†. Food labels also help to reduce deficiency in certain nutrients. For example costumers who lack iron or fibre in their diet can easily choose food which is high in those nutrients while reading information on the back of the packaging. Legislation on food labels has brought another benefit for consumers. Manufacturers have to follow the rules and cannot wrongly label products. The Food Standards Agency in America is responsible to protect customers against dishonest manufacturers. Retailers must label their product appropriately and must describe it correctly. Labelling food is not only good for consumers but also for manufacturers. They recognized that the more information they show on the labels the better product will sell. It is a great deal for consumers who can find out more details about new products. There is a campaign running around the world called â€Å"5 a day†. With these words health organisations try to convince consumers to eat at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables every day. Manufacturers and retailers in the UK joined the program and present the information on their food labels. The Information draws consumer awareness and helps them to realize that eating more fruits and vegetables will reduce the risk of certain diseases like cardiovascular disease. Apart from regular nutrition information on food labels on the back of the packaging, manufacturers present some coloured, highlighted instructions in the front of the packaging. This message is much easier for customers to understand than the directions from the back of the product. Usually the information shows the amount in grams per 1 serving and the percentage of daily intake of the nutrient (calories, fat, sugar, protein, sodium / salt). On the other hand, nutrition information on food labels needs some improvements. Food labels should all look the same and equally present the same list of nutrients with the same percentages and amounts. It will be easier for the consumer to memorise one kind of label. Unfortunately, every manufacturer labels their products differently. Consumers do not have time to spend hours in a food store. For example, a co-op retailer in the UK presents its own labels which describe â€Å"high, medium and low† to help consumers to choose healthier products and understand the label more. In fact, industry organisations see it as misleading information considering that these labels could be problematic to sell for example â€Å"fat† in food which is indeed very beneficial to maintain balanced diet. The next problem is that the consumers lack an understanding of the function of different nutrients presented on the labels. The European Heart Network found out that consumers widely read nutrition food labels but do not fully understand them. Often, amounts of nutrients require calculations and consumers do not have enough knowledge about the different nutrients that are important in their diets. The Public Health Nutrition journal informed that converting information from grams to grams per serving size caused difficulties. Nutrition labels should respond to consumer needs and give clear and simple instructions. In conclusion, nutrition information on food labels is not a waste of money. The idea of presenting this information is great because it helps customers to see what packaged food contains and choose the best product that suits them. The information on food labels gives instructions for people who are allergic and have food intolerances. It is also a guide for the consumer on how to start or maintain eating a balanced diet and how to avoid unhealthy and harmful nutrients. However, nutrition information on food labels still needs improvement to enable better public understanding and this is an area that needs to be addressed. References: 1. Angela Shine, Seamus O’Reily, Kathleen O’Sullivan (1997) â€Å"Consumer use of nutrition labels†. British Food Journal, Vol:99, Iss:8, p: 290-296 2. Carolyn D. Berdanier†¦ [et al. ], (2002), â€Å"Handbook of nutrition and food†, California, CRC Press. 3. European Public Health Alliance, (2005) â€Å"Food labelling in the EU: purposes, principles and challenges† URL: http://www. epha. org/a/2006 4. Food and Drug Administration, (2011) â€Å"Food allergies: What you need to know†, URL: http://www. fda. gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm079311. htm 5. Food Standards Agency, 2010, â€Å"Understanding labelling rules, URL: http://www. food. gov. uk/foodlabelling/ull/ 6. Food Standards Australia, New Zealand (2011), â€Å"Labelling of food†. URL: http://www. foodstandards. gov. au/consumerinformation/labellingoffood/ 7. Gill Cowburn, Lynn Stockley (2005). â€Å"Consumer understanding and use of nutrition labelling: a systematic review†, Public Health Nutrition, vol:16. Pg: 695-708 8. Hawkes Corrina (2004), â€Å"Nutrition Labels and health claims: the global regulatory environment†, Geneva, World Health Organization. 9. Howard Moskowitz, Michele Reisner, Jonhn Ben Lawlor and Rosires Deliza, (2009), â€Å"Packaging Reasearch and Food Porduct Design and Development†, Iowa, Wiley-Blackwell A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Publication. 10. Labels and Labelling Data and Consultancy Services Ltd, (1984), â€Å"Guide to food labelling, Part 2 Claims and misleading descriptions† â€Å"Labels-Law and Legislation – England† 11. M. L. Neuhouser, A,R Kristal, R. E. Patterson (1999), â€Å"Use of food nutrition labels is associated with lower fat intake†Journal of the American Dietetic Association. Vol:99, issue 1, pg: 45-53. 12. National Health Service, 2009, â€Å"Buy healthier food†. URL: http://www. nhs. uk/Livewell/loseweight/Pages/readingfoodlabels. aspx 13. Nayga, R. M. , Lipinski, D. and Savur, N. (1998), Consumers' Use of Nutritional Labels While Food Shopping and At Home. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 32:  106–120. doi:  10. 1111/j. 1745-6606. 1998. tb00402. x 14. Stephen Havas, Jerianne Heimendinger (1995), â€Å"5 a day for better health-nine community research projects to increase fruit and vegetable consumption†, Public Health Reports, vol:110, issue:1, pg:68-79. 15. Variyam, Jayachandran N. and Cawley, John, Nutrition Labels and Obesity (January 2006). NBER Working Paper Series, Vol. w11956, pp. 16. Variyam, J. N. (2008), Do nutrition labels improve dietary outcomes?. Health Economics, 17:  695–708. doi:  10. 1002/hec. 1287 17. Vernal S. Packard, Jr (1976) â€Å"Processed Foods and the Consumer. Additives, Labelling, Standards and Nutrition†. Ontario, Burns ; MacEachern Limited.

True Love in The Merchant of Venice Essay - 1130 Words

True Love in The Merchant of Venice Among the various themes presented in the Merchant of Venice the most important is the nature of true love. The casket plot helps illustrate the theme. Through a variety of suitors the descriptions of the caskets, Shakespeare shows the reader how different people view true love. He also shows what is most important to the suitors and in some cases it is not true love, but material things and outward appearance. The first suitor who tries to win Portias hand is the Prince of Morocco. When he first arrives in Belmont, the reader can see how arrogant the prince is, He says, The best regarded virgins of our clilme/ hath loved it too...†¦show more content†¦The scroll warns, all that glitters is not gold... (2.7,66) and that wealth is not the most important thing. The Prince, having shallow reasoning only wanted to marry Portia because of her wealth. He leaves, having promised, as all the suitors had, to remain celibate if he should pick the wrong casket. Portia then awaits the next suitor who will try to win her hand in marriage. The Prince of Arragon, the next suitor to try his hand at choosing the correct casket, is not much better than the previous. As his name suggests, the Prince is quite arrogant and vain. When he reads the inscription on the gold casket, he comments that the many men are most likely those who ...choose by showe...(2.9,27). He says he will not choose the gold casket because he is not like everyone else; he is better than the others are. He looks at he inscription on the silver casket: who chooseth me shall get as much as he deserves (2,9,37). After reading this he assumes that he deserves the best and chooses the silver casket. The Prince opens the casket and finds a picture of a fool and a scroll that read, with one fools head I came to woo/But I go away with two.(2.9, 78- 79). He received nothing, but a fools head, which is all that he deserved due to his cocky, self-involved attitude. 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Renewable Sources Of Energy Sources - 1213 Words

Energy Sources Introduction Energy sources have been identified as being vital in running virtually all domestic and industrial operations. There are two types of energy sources; renewable energy sources and nonrenewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources refer to the kinds that are naturally replenished. These include sunlight, the wind, ocean tides, waves, geothermal heat and rain (Tiwari et al., 2012). Nonrenewable energy sources, on the other hand, are the kinds that do not renew themselves at a rate sufficient enough to meet human demand. Fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas, minerals, metal ores and groundwater all comprise nonrenewable energy sources (Verma et al., 2015). In recommending the category of choice having weighed the benefits and demerits of each, science has played an important role. According to scientific research, nonrenewable sources of energy are not recommended due to the massive demerits that come with their use. 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The Reform Impulse Of 1800-1860 Made It Possible For Mankind

The reform impulse of 1800-1860 made it possible for mankind to be essentially good and capable of positive change. The political quarry of the past transformed the ways people thought of themselves and about society as a whole. Religious and social factors contributed to this change because of their old and dissatisfying ways. Activists began to dedicate their lives to the cause of reform, and to promote morality and social discipline. People began to lean toward the idea that everyone in society could reach perfection and salvation. Perhaps, this gave people hope for a better future because it differed from the previous idea in which salvation was limited to only a few. These new religious views were linked to reform because it was a change in hopes of improving society, this religious change focused upon the family, and it began to liberate the lives and freedom of women, even if these abolitionists did view the government in dreadful ways. Economic growth and geographical expansion had weakened traditional establishments, forcing individuals to fend for themselves. Alexis Tocqueville coined the word â€Å"individualism† to describe this result. People began to question the restraints of their Puritan background. Individuals, such as Emerson, believed people were trapped by inherited customs and institutions. He thought that people could be remade, â€Å"by discovering their original relation with Nature†. His transcendentalist message was able to reach thousands of people throughShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesOral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda LernerRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory into the 21st century! This is the first organization theory textbook to provide full and informed coverage of a range of contemporary developments in the field. Notably, it includes diverse contributions to organization theory made by critical management studies. It really is pathbreaking in terms of its inclusion of material that does not appear in other texts. Professor Hugh Willmott, Cardiff Business School, UK This is one of the most up-to-date and comprehensive texts in

Great Expectations Mrs. Joe Essay Example For Students

Great Expectations Mrs. Joe Essay The importance of Mrs. Joe in Great Expectations has two major parts: the significance of the character, and the symbolism of the character. The signifance of Mrs. Joe is to complete the figure of Joe The symbolism of Mrs. Joe is actually the physical manifestation of Joes fears in combination with his desire for a commanding father-figure. First, Mrs. Joes reign of terror is obviously necessary for Joes existence. In the beginning of Great Expectations, Joe requires identification as a major character. Without the weakness that Mrs. Joe instills in Joe via her reign of terror, Joe never develops to a major character. Joe is identified as a compassionate, sensitive character, and the most direct way to display this feature is to have the character appear vulnerable. Mrs. Joe serves as the tyrant for which Joe is made helpless. Joe, unless he is a scared character, does not recognize the friend he has in Pip. Without Joe as a major role in Pips life, Pip also seems very incomplete. Se cond, Mrs. Joe also serves as the comical interlude of an otherwise sombre story. When she had exhausted a torrent of such inquiries, she threw a candlestick at Joe, burst into a loud sobbing, got out the dustpan which was always a very bad sign put on her coarse apron, and began cleaning up to a terrible extent. Not satisfied with a dry cleaning, she took to a pail and scrubbing-brush, and cleaned us out of house and home, Truly, a frightening creature is that that may destroy a household by cleaning when anger besets her. Third, the comedy also has a serious side, though, as we remember our mothers exerting their great frustrations upon the household tasks of cleanliness. So,Mrs. Joe serves very well as a mother to Pip. Besides the age difference and the motherly duties of housekeeping for Pip andJoe, the attitude of a scornful mother is also apparent. This, of course, draws Joe even closer to Pip, by relation. Mrs. Joe serves as link to make it so that Joe appears very much to be the father of Pip. In addition, Joe, although terrified of Mrs. Joe, is a very honorable man and would never consider divorcing his wife. Through this condition, however, Joe appears to be even a more honorable man to choose to preserve the sacred marriage rather than seek his comfort. It is ironic that Mrs. Joe be referred to as Mrs. Joe constantly when there doesnt seem to much a part of Joe in her. The main purpose it serves is probably to characterize Mrs. Joe as a more masculine, and, therefore, typically more commanding, character. In the traditionof marriage, the wife usually gives up her last name to show that she is property of the man, therefore it is especially ironic thatshe be called Mrs. Joe when it is clear that Joe, rather, belongs more to her than vice-versa. It is also ironic that Joe be the one that seems to be stuck in tough situation in his marraige. Often, in this time, women suffered from the abuse of their husbands and expected to keep the marriage together regardless. However, Joe is clearly the one being abused in this story and he al so is the only one decent enough to care enough about the marraige to try and keep it together by enduring the abuse of Mrs. Joe. Fifth, through love, Joe shows the audience that truly he is not just a very timid man but a whole-hearted man. Truly, it takes a loving man to stay in love with such a woman as Mrs. Joe. No kissing ever took place between Joe and Mrs. Joe (much less child birth), and it becomes clear to the reader that the relationship between Joe and Mrs. Joe is a very one-way relationship. It would seem that Joe cares enough for Mrs. Joe, though Mrs. Joe never once seems to show a bit of compassion for Joe. .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d , .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .postImageUrl , .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d , .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d:hover , .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d:visited , .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d:active { border:0!important; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d:active , .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubc838e1a77e55360693da2617571129d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Definition Dinosaurs EssayIllustration of this can be seen in Mrs. Joes numerous dorogatory references to being married to a lowly blacksmith. Surely, after Mrs. Joe dies, Joe reflects upon how he was treated and what he will do differently in the future. With Mrs. Joe gone, a piece of Joes life is again freed up and can slowly be reclaimed, making him into a stronger person. Eventually marrying Biddy makes it apparent that Joe is changed, as Biddy seems more the feminine, quiet, traditional girl, compared to Mrs. Joe. Sixth, Mrs. Joe represents the semi-aristocracy that oppresses Joe and Pip. She continually threatens Joe and Pip with bodily harm, pushing Joe and Pip toge ther under a common oppression, just as the aristocracy ridicules Pip through Estella and Joe throughPip, eventually. Although Mrs. Joe isnt exactly wealthy, she has the aristocratic connections that define her as part of the elite class. The home life is supposedly filled by a pair of nurturing parents, however, in this book, the home serves as sort of a microcosm. The social structure and events that take place within the house echo all the rest of the events in the book: from the theft of the file and food and Pips first feelings of guilt, to Mrs. Joes oppresion of her husband and little brother. Finally, Joe first sought this relationship with such an overbearing character because he has always needed someone to make his decisions for him. He did not used to suffer under such abuse, I assume, although he has always been clumsy physically as well as mentally. Examples of this are his general timidity to confrontation and his occasional stumbling over items, especially when trying to act in the presence of Pip when he is a gentleman. Joes speech and use of words illustrate his plainess and accent Pips aristocracy. Decisions never came easily for Joe and hed much rather someone else make them for him rather than have to choose on his own. Being uneducated, Joe never felt sure of himself that he could make an appropriate decision, anyway. When asking for Mrs. Joes hand in marraige, it can be assumed that Mrs. Joe did everything short of buying the wedding ring herself to make the marriage a reality. So, Mrs. Joe essentially created Joe to be the character that he allowed himself to be. With the slow death of Mrs. Joe, Joe reclaimed his life from his earlier insecurity. Mrs. Joes importance in tying Joe to Pip made the relationship between the two significantly more beliveable, and without her, the great expectation of this book would never have been met.

US Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs

Question: Discuss about the US Department of Justice for the Office of Justice Programs? Answer: The general topic of discussion in the given article is about how certain criminal gangs in California took over the prison California prison. The article describes the violence between the inmates of the California six prison gangs namely the Nuestra Familia, the Mexican Mafia, the Aryan Brotherhood, the Black Guerrilla Family, the Northern Structure and or the Nazi Lowriders. All these gangs were so violent that they were kept in separate cells, and if the cells were open together, the outcome was a blast of violence, which was almost impossible for the handle. The crime and justice concept of these prison inmates are complicated to understand. These prison gangs work in secrecy and kill the members who reveal their secrets. The unity of these prison gangs helps the prison to run its functions more smoothly. As these gangs impose responsibilities of each member, they as they prison gangs follows a particular type of governance by such distribution of work, they help the prison unknowingly. The prison gangs follow justice structure of their own and maintain a bad-news list of people who have not paid their debts back. The article suggests about an economic school of thoughts theory namely the rational choice theory. This theory directs to examine human behavior by analyzing it through reasonable decisions taken by the economic actors. In short, this theory states that human behavior, which initially seems irrational and crazy is actually on analysis rational. The theory traditionally suggests that the criminals are to be treated to be people who are mentally defective and lack the rationality to control their impulses. As the criminals choose to calculate the rationality of their actions and find it reasonable, the said theory is called the rational-choice theory. The primary question that this article arose was why these prison gangs created in the first place was. The question, which required analysis, is that there was the existence of prisons in California from centuries then hat was the reason of prison gangs to form in the current age and not in the past. The first prison gang formed in the mid-90s, irrespective of the fact that there were several street criminals forming gangs for centuries. Before these prison gangs developed, the prisoners followed discipline and the convict code; however, a study in the formation of these prison gangs became necessary to bring back discipline and control in the prisons. The data that is used in the present article is based on various articles and journals written by various economists and experts suggesting their outlook on what they related prison gangs with and how the same were developed. Many articles were written which provided research papers by different academic professionals and scholars have given important inputs in the said articles. However, the observation of the correction officer working in the prison and for handling these prisoners were the most vital research work which is used in the said article. The said article is a qualitative research design from interviewing officers who handle and are in direct contact with these prison gangs who are the primary subject to which the articles relates. The article has also provided certain examples where it is evident that there was enough field observation of the prison gang inmates before writing the said article. The article has discussed various aspects of the lives of these inmates on how these prison gangs survive even after the significant violence they face from each other. Therefore, to study their lives closely was primarily relevant to analysis their survival trends. The author has provided a significant outlook on how prison gangs operate and survive in the California prisons. The author of the article has provided an accurate overlook of the lives of these gangs and it was very beneficial to read the same for a better and a clear understanding on how street crime is different from prison gangs. The knowledge that one can gain from reading the said article is having a complete knowledge about prison gangs in the criminal justice system of California (Howell Gleason, 1999). 2: The said article talks about various issues faced by the youth gang. The article proposes to clarify the misconception that is developed over the years relating youth gangs. Youth gangs is defined as a group of young people in a particular jurisdiction, who are describes as a gang by the communities that live around them due to the activities they are involved in. The issues are related to youth migration, female involvement in gangs, violence, drugs. The article also suggests the dangers, risks, the possible solution for people, and other youths who live around in the same community as that of these youth gangs. This article suggests how youth gangs in the United States of America get involve in serious offenses. The Article suggests that the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Preventions (OJJDPs) is taken analysis the issues related to youth gang crimes and trying to solve the youth gang issues for the betterment of society. The reports of their analysis revealed that the youth gangs are involved with selling drugs, which lead them into the world of crimes forcing them to commit other serious offenses. The article suggests that the issues of the youth gang need to be resolved using the prevention theory. The youth gangs need to be handled with more comprehensive outlook involving prevention, involvement and repression theories. This is required to be done because the law enforcement department in case of youth gangs are dealing with people of tender age who should be corrected and prevented from becoming serious offenders in the future involved in crimes like murder, rape, trafficking. The most primary question in the article is whether youth gang involvement in drug sales is leading them to the world of crimes and forcing them to be serious offenders. The article also questions how much drug sale in every jurisdiction, which consists of youth gangs, they and the age group, sex, ethnicity and race of the members of these youth gangs control. The law enforcement agencies of every jurisdiction are the primary sources of data specifying all the details of these youth gangs by various surveys they have conducted to study carefully and analyze their working and what crimes these youth gangs commit primarily. Therefore, the 1996 Youth Gang Survey conducted by the law enforcement agencies provided the most significant data into the legal issues of these youth gangs. This article is both a commentary which provides an analysis of the 1996 Youth Gang Survey conducted by law enforcement agencies in the United States of America which uses quantitative data with the help of statistical displays for providing a clear understanding of the said matter. The article explicitly studies about the youth gangs involvement in drug sale and drug trafficking. The article also suggests that the said issue is more related to young adults rather than juveniles. The said article is a significant outcome of extensive research in the crimes conducted by the youth gangs. The said article provides enough data for further study and analysis in the said matter to come up with a policy or legislation to combat the said problem. The article recommends the most suitable method to fight youth gang issues not letting its negative impact influence the communities that are living in the same jurisdiction as that of these youth gangs. The article provides an excellent analysis of the youth gang issues in United States of America. And the statistical figures mentioned in the article will be of great help in academic projects about the said matter. As the article has provided almost every information required in the said matter, it is very vital for the study involving youth gang issues and how the problem will be resolved with combined efforts of community and law enforcement agencies (Wood, 2016). Reference List Howell, J. C., Gleason, D. K. (1999).Youth gang drug trafficking. US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Wood, G. (2016).How Gangs Took Over Prisons.The Atlantic. Retrieved 7 February 2016, from https://www.theatlantic.com/features/archive/2014/09/how-gangs-took-over-prisons/379330/